Question

How do I convert JSON to NDJSON and handle array explosions?

Answer and Explanation

Converting JSON to NDJSON (Newline Delimited JSON) involves transforming a single JSON object or an array of JSON objects into a sequence of JSON objects, each on a new line. Handling "array explosions" refers to the process of flattening nested arrays within the JSON structure into individual NDJSON lines. Here's how you can achieve this:

Understanding NDJSON

NDJSON is a format where each line is a valid JSON object. It's commonly used for streaming and processing large datasets because it allows for line-by-line parsing without loading the entire dataset into memory.

Basic JSON to NDJSON Conversion

If your JSON is a single object, the conversion is straightforward:

// Input JSON:
{
  "name": "John Doe",
  "age": 30
}

// NDJSON Output:
{"name": "John Doe", "age": 30}

If your JSON is an array of objects, each object becomes a line in NDJSON:

// Input JSON:
[
  {"name": "John Doe", "age": 30},
  {"name": "Jane Smith", "age": 25}
]

// NDJSON Output:
{"name": "John Doe", "age": 30}
{"name": "Jane Smith", "age": 25}

Handling Array Explosions

When your JSON contains nested arrays, you need to "explode" or flatten these arrays into individual NDJSON lines. For example:

// Input JSON:
{
  "id": 1,
  "items": [
    {"name": "Item A", "price": 10},
    {"name": "Item B", "price": 20}
  ]
}

To convert this to NDJSON with array explosion, you would create a new line for each item in the `items` array, possibly including the parent `id`:

// NDJSON Output:
{"id": 1, "name": "Item A", "price": 10}
{"id": 1, "name": "Item B", "price": 20}

Implementation using JavaScript

Here's a JavaScript function to handle this:

function jsonToNdjson(jsonData) {
  let ndjson = "";
  if (Array.isArray(jsonData)) {
    jsonData.forEach(obj => {
      ndjson += JSON.stringify(obj) + "\\n";
    });
  } else if (typeof jsonData === 'object' && jsonData !== null) {
    if (jsonData.items && Array.isArray(jsonData.items)) {
      jsonData.items.forEach(item => {
        const explodedItem = { ...jsonData, ...item };
        delete explodedItem.items;
        ndjson += JSON.stringify(explodedItem) + "\\n";
      });
    } else {
      ndjson += JSON.stringify(jsonData) + "\\n";
    }
  }   return ndjson;
}

Explanation:

1. The function `jsonToNdjson` takes JSON data as input.

2. It checks if the input is an array. If so, it iterates through each object and converts it to a line in NDJSON.

3. If the input is an object, it checks for an `items` array. If found, it iterates through the `items`, creates a new object by merging the parent object with each item, removes the original `items` array, and converts it to a line in NDJSON.

4. If no `items` array is found, it converts the object directly to a line in NDJSON.

5. The function returns the complete NDJSON string.

Usage Example:

const jsonData = {
  "id": 1,
  "items": [
    {"name": "Item A", "price": 10},
    {"name": "Item B", "price": 20}
  ]
};
const ndjsonOutput = jsonToNdjson(jsonData);
console.log(ndjsonOutput);

This approach allows you to convert JSON to NDJSON while handling array explosions effectively. You can adapt the JavaScript function to handle more complex nested structures as needed.

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