How can I get the last date of the month in Python?

To get the last date of the month in Python, you can use the datetime and calendar modules. Here's how you can do it:

1. Using the datetime and calendar Modules:

- The calendar module provides functions to work with calendars, including getting the number of days in a month. The datetime module is used for date and time manipulation.

2. Steps to Get the Last Day:

- First, get the current date or any date you want to work with using datetime.date.today() or by creating a specific date object.

- Then, use the calendar.monthrange() function to get the number of days in the month of the given date.

- Finally, create a new datetime.date object with the same year and month, but with the last day of the month.

3. Example Code:

import datetime
import calendar

def get_last_day_of_month(date):
    _, last_day = calendar.monthrange(date.year, date.month)
    return datetime.date(date.year, date.month, last_day)

# Example usage:
today = datetime.date.today()
last_day = get_last_day_of_month(today)
print(f"The last day of the month for {today} is: {last_day}")

# Example with a specific date:
specific_date = datetime.date(2024, 2, 15)
last_day_specific = get_last_day_of_month(specific_date)
print(f"The last day of the month for {specific_date} is: {last_day_specific}")

4. Explanation:

- The calendar.monthrange(year, month) function returns a tuple where the second element is the number of days in the month.

- The datetime.date(year, month, day) function creates a date object.

5. Alternative using dateutil:

- If you have the dateutil library installed, you can use dateutil.relativedelta for a more concise solution.

from datetime import date
from dateutil.relativedelta import relativedelta

def get_last_day_of_month_dateutil(date):
    return date + relativedelta(day=31)

# Example usage:
today = date.today()
last_day_dateutil = get_last_day_of_month_dateutil(today)
print(f"The last day of the month (dateutil) for {today} is: {last_day_dateutil}")

By using either of these methods, you can easily get the last date of the month for any given date in Python.

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